Stove



2 Sheets-Sheet I. J. PEARSON,Jr.

Heating Stove.

No. 33,048. Patented Aug. 13. 1861.

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' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

a. PEARSON, Jr..

Heating Stove.

Patented Aug. 13. 1861.

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JOHN PEARSON, JR, or NEWtBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

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spe'cifiea'tibn of Letters Patent noksspas, *dated Au ust 13, 1861.

Improvement in Stoves for Burning Anthra I cite or Bituminous Coal; and I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken 1 in connection with the drawings making part of the same, is a full, clear, and eXactj description thereof.

is a top view of the stove.

The economy of a stove or furnace for heating purposes is in proportion to the completeness with which the process of combustion is maintained. The highest effect which it is possible to obtain from a given quantity of fuel is the evolution of all the heat contained in the combustibles and in the gases which are the products of combustion. In the majority of stoves and furnaces for heating purposes a large percentage of the products of combustion; which if burned would develop heat are permitted to pass off through the smoke flue unconsumed, in consequence of the fact that no sutficient means are employed for making sensible the heat which is contained in the carbonic oXid arising from a partial combustion of the fuel, and which in the form of an invisible gas passes off without developing heat. Various attempts have been made to efiect a more perfect combustion by mingling with the carbonic oxid a fresh supply of atmos pheric air and in some instances they have been attended with improved results. In some of the devices referred to, the atmospheric air is admitted at a temperature below that which is most favorable for combustion with the heated gaseswhile in others although the temperature of the air is raised yet no adequate provision for a complete radiation of the heat thereby evolved is employed.

My invention consists in an improved arrangement for commingling with the products of combustion currents of highly heated atmospheric air and in conducting the flame consequent upon such union through suitable 'flues "in such a manner that a complete radiation of the heat is effected.

In the accompanying drawingsAFig. 1 represents the chamber within which the fire placed; this chamber is contracted toward the top as shown in Fig. 2, and connects with the upper the B, B. The fire chamber is surrounded by a number of vertical flues G, C, whose extremities are con- 1 nected with the upper flue B, B, and with Figure l is a perspective view of the whole stove. Fig, 2 is a sectionin a plane through the axis of the stove andthe smoke flue. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on a plane through; X X showing the relation of the flues hereinafter to be described-the top plate of the stove being supposed to be removed; Fig. 4 Q

the bottom flue I), D. The upper and lower flues B, and I), are also connected by the flue from which branches off the smoke .pipe F.

The upper portion of the fire chamber be= ginning at the point where it commences to be contracted is made double as shown in Fig. 2, that is to say it is provided with an outer shell G, G, in the form shown, thus making an air chamber which surrounds the fire chamber and discharges into the upper flue around the mouth of the fire chamber. The space between the two surfaces is sufficient for the free admission of air, which is taken in at convenient intervals through the apertures H, H, which are covered with wire gauze. The purpose of the gauze, or its equivalent is to regulate the admission of air and to prevent the effect of sudden blasts.

Instead of extending the shell which surrounds the upper part of the fire chamber down as far as is represented in the drawings, I sometimes place the apertures for the admission of air in the base of the inverted cone M, which surrounds the fire chamber, and thus dispense with the surrounding shell G, G. Both plans involve substantially the same principle and may be used indifferently as the judgment of the constructor may indicate.

WVhen the fire is first kindled the smoke is permitted to pass off through the flue B, into the flue E, and thence into the escape pipe F; the damper I, being turned so as not to obstruct its passage. After the fuel has become thoroughly ignited the damper I, is closed and the products of combustion are forced to descend through the fines C, G; into the bottom flue D, D, taking the path indicated by the red arrows.

The upper portion of the fire chamber as well as the upper flue B, B, is filled with the unconsumed gases which arise from the coal. At the point however, at which the products of combustion enter the upper flue they are met by a surrounding stream of atmospheric air, which has become highly heated in its passage between the surface of the stove and the outer shell G, G. A union of the two is formed under these favorable conditions and the carbonic oXid which was before invisible now burns with a pale blue flame and emits all its heat. The flame so occasioned passes down the flues C, C, (the heat evolved being radiated by the flues,) into the bottom flue D, from whence all products not combustible pass ofl into the escape flue In this manner I am able to derive the fullest benefit from the fiuelin the first place by perfect combustion and in the second place by the complete radiation of the heat thereby developed.

F or the purpose of increasing the radiating surface of the stove as well also of creating a circulation of the air of the apartment in which the stove is located I have placed within each of the flues C, C, an air pipe K, extending through the top and bottom flues, and open at each extremity to the air of the room. It is manifest that each of these pipes being surrounded by the flue C, down which a stream of ignited gases is passing will become highly heated and will add to the radiating surface of the stove, at the same time that a circulation of the air of the room in the vicinity of the stove is constantly maintained.

I do not claim that I am the first who has so availed myself of the principle of commingling the products of combustion with atmospheric air and thereby producing an ignition of the otherwise uninflammable gases; but

That I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is Arranging the air chamber G, G, formed as described-fire chamber A, and upper flue B, B, with reference to each other in such manner that the products of combustion shall be surrounded by a current of atmospheric air at the point of their dis charge into the upper fluesubstantially as described for the purposes specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this twenty first day of May A. D. one thousand eight hundred and sixty one.

JOHN PEARSON, JR. Witnesses:

BENJ. F. THURsToN, J oI-IN GARTLAND. 

